Demonstrative pronouns (norādāmie vietniekvārdi) point to a particular thing: šis (this) for something near, and tas (that) for something farther away. They decline by gender, number, and case.
šis
this (m.)
šī
this (f.)
tas
that (m.)
tā
that (f.)
The pronouns tas and tā are also used to mean ‘it‘ when referring to animals and inanimate objects.
Declension of tas
| Case | Sg. m. | Sg. f. | Pl. m. | Pl. f. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominatīvs | tas | tā | tie | tās |
| Ģenitīvs | tā | tās | to | to |
| Datīvs | tam | tai | tiem | tām |
| Akuzatīvs | to | to | tos | tās |
| Lokatīvs | tajā | tajā | tajos | tajās |
The pronoun šis declines in a similar way: šim, šo, šajā, etc.
Examples
Šī grāmata ir interesanta.
This book is interesting.
Tas cilvēks ir mans draugs.
That person is my friend.